基礎 · Unit 8
過去進行式
過去進行式是 was / were + 動詞-ing 的形態，表示過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作。和過去式表示已經完成的動作不同，過去進行式把焦點放在「當時正在做」的進行狀態上。
概念說明
過去進行式是 was / were + 動詞-ing 的形態，表示過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作。和過去式表示已經完成的動作不同，過去進行式把焦點放在「當時正在做」的進行狀態上。
A. 形態 — was / were + 動詞-ing
過去進行式是在配合主詞的 be 動詞過去式(was / were)後面加上動詞-ing 造出來的。was / were + 動詞-ing = 過去進行式 請先把這個基本公式記起來。
| 主詞 | be 動詞 | -ing 形態 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / he / she / it | was | 動詞-ing | She was eating. |
| you / we / they | were | 動詞-ing | They were eating. |
- I was working late last night. (我昨晚工作到很晚。)
- He was watching a movie at 9. (他九點的時候正在看電影。)
- We were having dinner when the phone rang. (電話響的時候我們正在吃晚餐。)
B. 和 when / while 一起使用
過去進行式常和連接詞 when(~的時候)或 while(~的期間)一起使用，把當作背景的進行動作和其間發生的瞬間動作(過去式)對比起來。while 後面大多接進行式，when 後面大多接過去式 請記住這個組合。
| 組合 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| while + 過去進行 | I met her while I was walking home. | 在走路的期間 |
| when + 過去式 | I was reading when the doorbell rang. | 正在讀的時候門鈴響了 |
| 兩個進行同時發生 | She was cooking while he was cleaning. | 煮飯的期間他在打掃 |
- I was studying when my friend called. (我正在念書的時候朋友打了電話來。)
- She was cooking while he was setting the table. (她煮飯的期間他正在擺餐具。)
- The baby was sleeping when we arrived. (我們到的時候寶寶正在睡覺。)
C. 用於過去的背景與描寫的進行式
過去進行式很常用來描寫故事的背景或當時的氣氛，在小說、回憶、經驗談裡設定背景時特別有用。
| 用途 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| 背景進行 | It was raining, and the wind was blowing. |
| 同時進行 | Everyone was talking and laughing. |
| 特定時間點的狀況 | At 3 PM, I was working at the office. |
- The sun was shining brightly that morning. (那天早上陽光燦爛地照著。)
- Everyone was dancing at the party. (大家都在派對上跳舞。)
- I was thinking about you all day. (我一整天都在想你。)
- The children were laughing and playing. (孩子們笑著在玩。)
重點整理
- 1過去進行式用 was / were + 動詞-ing 的形態來造是基本規則，I/he/she/it 用 was，you/we/they 用 were。
- 2焦點放在過去某個特定時間點正在進行的動作上，這是和過去式(已完成的動作)的決定性差異。
- 3while 後面大多接過去進行式，when 後面大多接過去式，這樣的組合最自然，請記住這個模式。
- 4過去進行式在描寫故事的背景與氣氛時特別好用，請培養這樣的運用語感。
- 5狀態動詞(know, like, want, have 等)即使在過去進行式裡也不使用，請記住這個例外。(X: I was knowing / O: I knew)
例句
I was reading a book at 9 PM last night.
我昨晚九點在讀一本書。
She was cooking when the guests arrived.
客人到達的時候她正在煮飯。
We were watching TV all evening.
我們整個晚上都在看電視。
He was driving to work when it started raining.
開始下雨的時候他正開車去上班。
They were playing tennis at 3 PM yesterday.
他們昨天下午三點在打網球。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
I was reading a book.
She was cooking dinner.
We were watching TV.
He was running in the park.
I knew him then.