기본 · Unit 10
과거진행형의 의문문
과거진행형의 의문문은 was / were를 주어 앞으로 이동시켜 만들며, 문장 끝에 물음표를 붙입니다. 대답은 Yes / No 뒤에 주어와 was / were를 다시 넣어 짧게 하고, 축약은 부정 대답에만 씁니다.
개념 설명
과거진행형의 의문문은 was / were를 주어 앞으로 이동시켜 만들며, 문장 끝에 물음표를 붙입니다. 대답은 Yes / No 뒤에 주어와 was / were를 다시 넣어 짧게 하고, 축약은 부정 대답에만 씁니다.
A. 의문문 어순 — was / were + 주어 + 동사-ing
평서문의 was / were를 주어 앞으로 이동시키기만 하면 의문문이 됩니다. was / were + 주어 + 동사-ing + ? 라는 어순이 유일한 규칙입니다.
| 평서문 | 의문문 |
|---|---|
| You were reading. | Were you reading? |
| He was sleeping. | Was he sleeping? |
| They were coming. | Were they coming? |
| It was raining. | Was it raining? |
- Were you working late last night? (어젯밤 늦게까지 일하고 있었어요?)
- Was she waiting for me? (그녀가 저를 기다리고 있었어요?)
- Were they having dinner? (그들이 저녁을 먹고 있었어요?)
B. Yes / No 짧은 대답
과거진행 의문문에는 Yes / No 뒤에 '주어 + was / were' 또는 '주어 + wasn't / weren't'로 짧게 대답합니다. 긍정 대답에는 축약을 쓰지 않고, 부정 대답에서만 축약이 자연스럽습니다.
| 질문 | 긍정 대답 | 부정 대답 |
|---|---|---|
| Were you studying? | Yes, I was. | No, I wasn't. |
| Was she cooking? | Yes, she was. | No, she wasn't. |
| Were they playing? | Yes, they were. | No, they weren't. |
| Was it raining? | Yes, it was. | No, it wasn't. |
- Was Anna at the party dancing? — Yes, she was. (Anna가 파티에서 춤추고 있었어요? 네, 추고 있었어요.)
- Were you feeling okay last night? — No, I wasn't. (어젯밤 괜찮으셨어요? 아니요, 안 좋았어요.)
- Were the kids sleeping? — Yes, they were. (아이들이 자고 있었어요? 네, 자고 있었어요.)
C. 의문사 + was / were + 주어 + 동사-ing
What / Where / When / Why / How 같은 의문사 뒤에 was / were + 주어 + 동사-ing를 이어 붙이면 구체적인 정보를 묻는 과거진행 의문문이 됩니다. 이 패턴은 어제나 그때 뭘 하고 있었는지 물을 때 자주 쓰입니다.
| 의문사 | 예시 질문 | 예시 대답 |
|---|---|---|
| What | What were you doing at 9? | I was watching TV. |
| Where | Where was she going? | To the library. |
| Why | Why were they laughing? | Because of a joke. |
| How | How were you feeling? | I was feeling tired. |
| Who | Who were you talking to? | My friend Anna. |
- What were you thinking about? (무슨 생각 하고 있었어요?)
- Where was he going in such a hurry? (그가 그렇게 급히 어디 가고 있었어요?)
- Why were you crying yesterday? (어제 왜 울고 있었어요?)
- Who were they waiting for? (그들이 누구를 기다리고 있었어요?)
핵심 포인트
- 1과거진행 의문문은 was / were를 주어 앞으로 이동시키기만 하면 완성된다는 어순이 유일한 규칙입니다.
- 2대답에서 긍정은 축약하지 않고(Yes, I was), 부정만 축약(No, I wasn't)한다는 관용이 자연스러운 영어입니다.
- 3대답에는 반드시 주어와 was/were를 다시 넣어야 한다는 점을 기억하세요. (X: Yes, was. / O: Yes, I was.)
- 4What were you doing?은 '뭐 하고 있었어요?'라는 관용 표현으로 실전 회화에서 아주 자주 쓰인다는 점을 알아두세요.
- 5의문사 + was/were + 주어 + 동사-ing 어순을 통째로 익혀 두면 과거 상황을 세밀히 물을 수 있다는 확장 규칙을 기억하세요.
예문
Were you sleeping when I called?
제가 전화했을 때 자고 있었어요?
Were you working late last night?
어젯밤 늦게까지 일하고 있었어요?
Was she cooking dinner at that time?
그때 그녀가 저녁을 요리하고 있었어요?
Was he driving to the airport?
그가 공항으로 운전하고 있었어요?
Were they watching the football game?
그들이 축구 경기를 보고 있었어요?
이 유닛에는 예문이 더 있습니다. 가입하면 전체를 듣고 볼 수 있어요.
이렇게 틀리기 쉬워요
Were you reading?
Was she cooking?
Were they playing?
Where were you going?
Yes, I was.