基礎 · Unit 24
疑問詞 how + 形容詞 / 副詞
在 how 後面加上形容詞或副詞，就會變成一整塊詢問程度、數量、頻率的疑問詞，意思是「有多」。後面的語序和其他疑問詞一樣，直接沿用 be 動詞·do/does/did 的規則。
概念說明
在 how 後面加上形容詞或副詞，就會變成一整塊詢問程度、數量、頻率的疑問詞，意思是「有多~」。後面的語序和其他疑問詞一樣，直接沿用 be 動詞·do/does/did 的規則。
A. how long — 期間、長度
how long 是用來問多久(期間)或物理上有多長的表達，在詢問時間長度時最常用。公式統一為 how + 形容詞/副詞 這個形式。
| 問句 | 意思 | 回答範例 |
|---|---|---|
| How long have you ~? | 多久 (現在完成式) | For five years. / Since 2020. |
| How long does it take ~? | 要花多少時間 | About 30 minutes. |
| How long is ~? | 物理上的長度 | 2 meters long. |
- How long have you studied English? — For six years. (你學英語學多久了？六年了。)
- How long does it take to get to the airport? — About an hour. (到機場要多久？大約一個小時。)
- How long is this movie? — Two hours. (這部電影有多長？兩個小時。)
- How long will you stay in Seoul? — Three days. (你會在首爾待多久？三天。)
B. how much / how many — 量、數
how much 用來問不可數名詞的量或價格，how many 則用來問可數名詞的數量。how much + 不可數名詞，how many + 複數名詞是基本的搭配組合。
| 問句 | 後面接的名詞 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| how much | 不可數名詞 / 價格 | How much water do you drink? / How much is it? |
| how many | 可數的複數名詞 | How many books do you have? |
- How much coffee do you drink a day? (你一天喝多少咖啡？)
- How much is this jacket? (這件外套多少錢？)
- How many people are coming tonight? (今晚有多少人要來？)
- How many cups of tea do you drink? (你喝幾杯茶？)
C. how often / old / tall / far — 各種程度表達
在 how 後面加上各種形容詞或副詞，就能廣泛詢問頻率(often)、年齡(old)、身高(tall)、距離(far)、重量(heavy)、大小(big)等以數值作答的資訊。
| 表達 | 詢問的內容 | 回答範例 |
|---|---|---|
| how often | 頻率 (多常) | Every day. / Twice a week. |
| how old | 年齡 | I'm 30. / 5 years old. |
| how tall | 身高、高度 | 170 cm. / Very tall. |
| how far | 距離 | 5 km. / Not far. |
| how heavy | 重量 | About 3 kg. |
| how fast | 速度 | 60 km/h. |
- How often do you go to the gym? — Three times a week. (你多常去健身房？一週三次。)
- How old is your son? — He's ten years old. (你兒子幾歲？十歲。)
- How tall are you? — I'm 175 cm tall. (你身高多少？175 公分。)
- How far is the station from here? — About 500 meters. (從這裡到車站有多遠？大約 500 公尺。)
重點整理
- 1在 how 後面加上形容詞或副詞，就完成了詢問「有多~」的慣用組合。(例: How long, How often, How old)
- 2how much 對應不可數名詞和價格，how many 則對應可數的複數名詞。(例: How much water, How many books)
- 3how long 在期間(現在完成式 + for/since)和所需時間(does it take ~?)這兩種情況下都會用到。
- 4像 how old / how tall / how far / how heavy 這樣以數值作答的資訊，大多都可以用 how + 形容詞的組合來詢問。
- 5how often 的回答用 every day, twice a week, three times a month 這類頻率副詞片語會比較自然。
例句
How long have you known each other?
你們認識彼此多久了？
How long does it take from your home to the office?
從你家到辦公室要多久？
How long will the meeting last?
會議會持續多久？
How much is this coffee?
這杯咖啡多少錢？
How much water do you drink a day?
你一天喝多少水？
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
How much money do you have?
How many people are here?
How long have you lived here?
How old are you?
How often do you exercise?