基礎 · Unit 25
原級比較 (as ~ as)
原級比較是 as + 形容詞/副詞原級 + as 的形態，表示兩個對象的性質、程度相同的說法，把形容詞、副詞維持原本的樣子(原級)放進兩個 as 之間，這是和比較級最大的差異。
概念說明
原級比較是 as + 形容詞/副詞原級 + as 的形態，表示兩個對象的性質、程度相同的說法，把形容詞、副詞維持原本的樣子(原級)放進兩個 as 之間，這是和比較級最大的差異。
A. as + 原級 + as — 表示相同
要說兩個對象的性質、程度相同時，就把形容詞、副詞的原級原封不動夾在兩個 as 之間。公式是 as + 原級 + as 這樣，後面那個 as 之後接的是比較的對象。
| 形態 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| as + 形容詞 + as | Anna is as kind as Sara. | Anna 和 Sara 一樣親切。 |
| as + 副詞 + as | He runs as fast as Tom. | 他跑得和 Tom 一樣快。 |
| as + 形容詞 + as + 名詞 | My phone is as new as yours. | 我的手機和你的一樣新。 |
- This coffee is as strong as espresso. (這杯咖啡和濃縮咖啡一樣濃。)
- She speaks Japanese as well as a native speaker. (她的日文說得和母語人士一樣好。)
- Today is as cold as yesterday. (今天和昨天一樣冷。)
- My brother is as busy as I am. (我弟弟和我一樣忙。)
B. not as/so ~ as — 否定比較
兩個對象不相同時，就用 not as + 原級 + as 或 not so + 原級 + as 的形態，意思是前面的對象在程度上比後面的對象低。在會話中 not as ~ as 常用得多，not so ~ as 則稍微正式一些。
| 形態 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| not as + 原級 + as | I'm not as tall as my brother. | 我沒有哥哥那麼高。 |
| not so + 原級 + as | It's not so hot as yesterday. | 今天沒有昨天那麼熱。 |
| = 比較級 + than | I'm shorter than my brother. | 我比哥哥矮。 |
- This book is not as interesting as that one. (這本書沒有那本那麼有趣。)
- He doesn't work as hard as his colleagues. (他工作沒有同事那麼努力。)
- The movie was not as long as I expected. (那部電影沒有我預期的那麼長。)
- My new laptop is not so fast as the old one. (我的新筆電沒有舊的那麼快。)
C. 倍數說法 — twice / three times as ~ as
在原級比較前面加上 twice(兩倍)、three times(三倍)、half(一半)這類說法，就能表示程度的倍數，而這個結構一定要和 as ~ as 一起用，不能寫成比較級 + than。
| 倍數說法 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| twice as ~ as | This is twice as expensive as that. | 這個比那個貴兩倍。 |
| three times as ~ as | He earns three times as much as I do. | 他賺的比我多三倍。 |
| half as ~ as | My room is half as big as hers. | 我的房間是她房間的一半大。 |
- Their house is twice as large as ours. (他們家比我們家大兩倍。)
- She reads three times as many books as I do. (她讀的書是我的三倍。)
- This bag costs half as much as that one. (這個包包的價錢是那個的一半。)
- The new office is twice as far as the old one. (新辦公室比舊的遠兩倍。)
重點整理
- 1原級比較裡絕對不改變形容詞、副詞的形態，要原封不動地放進兩個 as 之間，這一點和比較級不同。(例: as tall as — as taller as 是錯的)
- 2as ~ as 後面比較對象的位置要用代名詞時，正規寫法是主格(I, he, she)，但會話中用受格(me, him, her)也很自然。(例: as tall as I am / as tall as me)
- 3否定形 not as ~ as 的意思是「比~來得低」，和比較級 + than 之間有可以互換的對應關係。(例: not as tall as → shorter than)
- 4倍數說法(twice, three times, half)一定要加在 as ~ as 前面，不能寫成比較級 + than。(例: twice as big as — twice bigger than 是錯的)
- 5中文的「和~一樣」正好對應 as ~ as。(例: Tom is as tall as his father.)
例句
Tom is as tall as his father.
Tom 和他爸爸一樣高。
She is as kind as her sister.
她和她姊姊一樣親切。
This coffee is as strong as espresso.
這杯咖啡和濃縮咖啡一樣濃。
Today is as cold as yesterday.
今天和昨天一樣冷。
My phone is as new as yours.
我的手機和你的一樣新。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
She is as tall as her sister.
He runs as fast as me.
This bag is not so heavy as that one.
Their house is twice as big as ours.
I'm as tall as my brother.