入門 · Unit 25
連接詞
連接詞是把單字、片語、句子連起來的詞,大致可分為對等連接的對等連接詞(and, but, or, so),以及帶出副詞子句的從屬連接詞(because, when, if 等)。在語序和意思上分清楚這兩種連接詞,就是本單元的重點。
概念說明
連接詞是把單字、片語、句子連起來的詞,大致可分為對等連接的對等連接詞(and, but, or, so),以及帶出副詞子句的從屬連接詞(because, when, if 等)。在語序和意思上分清楚這兩種連接詞,就是本單元的重點。
A. 對等連接詞 — and / but / or / so
對等連接詞連接的是關係對等的單字、片語、句子,前後成分的文法形態必須相同。這四個對等連接詞分別表示添加、相反、選擇、結果這幾種不同的關係。
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| and | 添加 (而且) | I like apples and oranges. |
| but | 相反 (但是) | She is small but strong. |
| or | 選擇 (或是) | Tea or coffee? |
| so | 結果 (所以) | It was late, so I went home. |
- I bought bread and milk. (我買了麵包和牛奶。)
- He is rich but not happy. (他很有錢,但並不快樂。)
- Would you like to walk or take a taxi? (你想走路,還是搭計程車?)
- I was hungry, so I ate a sandwich. (我肚子餓了,所以吃了一個三明治。)
B. 表示原因、條件的從屬連接詞 — because / if
because 表示原因(因為~),if 表示條件(如果~的話),後面都要接完整的句子(主詞 + 動詞)。請分清楚 because 後面接子句,because of 後面接名詞片語 這一點。
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| because | 因為~ (子句) | I stayed home because I was sick. |
| because of | 因為~ (名詞片語) | The game was canceled because of the rain. |
| if | 如果~的話 | If it rains, we'll stay home. |
- She was tired because she worked late. (她因為工作到很晚,所以很累。)
- We didn't go because of the storm. (我們因為暴風雨而沒有去。)
- If you're free, let's have lunch. (你有空的話,一起吃午餐吧。)
- I'll call you if I need help. (如果需要幫忙,我會打電話給你。)
C. 表示時間的從屬連接詞 — when / while / before / after
when(的時候) / while( 之後) 是表示兩個事件時間關係的從屬連接詞,後面要接完整的句子。的期間) / before( 之前) / after(
| 連接詞 | 意思 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| when | ~的時候 | Call me when you arrive. |
| while | ~的期間 | I read a book while I waited. |
| before | ~ 之前 | Wash your hands before you eat. |
| after | ~ 之後 | I take a walk after dinner. |
- Please call me when you get home. (到家後請打電話給我。)
- She listens to music while she studies. (她讀書的時候會聽音樂。)
- Brush your teeth before you go to bed. (睡覺前請刷牙。)
- We had coffee after lunch. (我們午餐後喝了咖啡。)
重點整理
- 1對等連接詞(and, but, or, so)連接的是對等的成分,從屬連接詞(because, if, when, while, before, after)則帶出副詞子句,這是兩者最根本的差別。
- 2用 and、but、or 連接的前後成分,文法形態(名詞對名詞、形容詞對形容詞等)要一致才自然,請遵守這個原則。
- 3because 後面接完整的句子(主詞 + 動詞),because of 後面接名詞片語,這個區別是實戰中最常搞混的地方。
- 4if 和 when 表示未來時,條件子句裡要用現在式,請熟記這條時態規則。(例: If it rains tomorrow, ...)
- 5so 表示結果(所以),because 表示原因(因為~),兩者意思相反,所以不會把這兩個連接詞一起用,這一點要小心。
例句
I bought apples and oranges.
我買了蘋果和柳橙。
She sings and dances well.
她歌唱得好,舞也跳得好。
He is smart but lazy.
他很聰明,但是很懶。
The soup is hot but tasty.
那道湯很燙,但很好喝。
Do you want tea or coffee?
你想喝茶還是咖啡?
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
I like coffee, tea, and juice, but I don't like water.
She stayed home because she was sick.
I was tired, so I went to bed.
If it rains, we'll stay home.
Call me when you arrive.