Ayat negatif dan ayat tanya There was / There were
Bagi There was / There were, ayat negatif dibina dengan meletakkan not selepas kata kerja be, manakala ayat tanya dibina dengan mengalihkan kata kerja be ke hadapan there.
Penerangan
Bagi There was / There were, ayat negatif dibina dengan meletakkan not selepas kata kerja be, manakala ayat tanya dibina dengan mengalihkan kata kerja be ke hadapan there. Ayat negatif dan ayat tanya kedua-duanya menurut peraturan yang sama sekali serupa dengan bentuk kini (There is / are), dan hanya kalanya bertukar kepada masa lampau.
A. Ayat negatif — There wasn't / There weren't
Ayat negatif dibina dengan meletakkan not tepat selepas was / were, dan dalam perbualan kontraksi wasn't / weren't jauh lebih kerap digunakan. Dalam ayat negatif, wajar jika kata nama berikut digunakan bersama any.
| Struktur | Kontraksi | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| There was not | There wasn't | There wasn't a bank there. |
| There was not | There wasn't any | There wasn't any milk. |
| There were not | There weren't | There weren't many people. |
| There were not | There weren't any | There weren't any tickets left. |
- There wasn't enough time to finish. (Ketika itu tidak cukup masa untuk menyiapkannya.)
- There wasn't any water in the bottle. (Ketika itu tidak ada air langsung di dalam botol itu.)
- There weren't any seats available. (Ketika itu tidak ada tempat duduk langsung yang boleh didapati.)
- There weren't many students in the class. (Ketika itu tidak ramai pelajar di dalam kelas tersebut.)
B. Ayat tanya — Was there / Were there
Satu-satunya peraturan bagi ayat tanya ialah mengalihkan was atau were ke hadapan there, dan there mesti dimasukkan semula dalam jawapannya. Hafallah susunan kata Was there + tunggal / Were there + jamak + ? sebagai satu set.
| Soalan | Jawapan positif | Jawapan negatif |
|---|---|---|
| Was there a party? | Yes, there was. | No, there wasn't. |
| Was there any milk? | Yes, there was. | No, there wasn't. |
| Were there many people? | Yes, there were. | No, there weren't. |
| Were there any messages? | Yes, there were. | No, there weren't. |
- Was there a problem with your car? — Yes, there was. (Adakah ada masalah dengan kereta anda ketika itu? Ya, ada.)
- Was there any coffee left? — No, there wasn't. (Adakah ada kopi yang tinggal ketika itu? Tidak, tiada.)
- Were there many tourists at the museum? — Yes, there were. (Adakah ada ramai pelancong di muzium itu ketika itu? Ya, ramai.)
- Were there any changes in the plan? — No, there weren't. (Adakah ada sebarang perubahan dalam rancangan itu ketika itu? Tidak, tiada.)
C. How many / How much — kuantiti masa lampau
Untuk menanyakan bilangan atau kuantiti pada masa lampau, digunakan bentuk How many + jamak + were there ~? / How much + kata nama yang tidak boleh dibilang + was there ~?. Pola ini sangat kerap digunakan ketika mengimbas kembali keadaan masa lampau.
| Soalan | Contoh | Makna |
|---|---|---|
| How many + jamak | How many people were there at the party? | Berapa orang ada di parti itu? |
| How many + jamak | How many students were there in your class? | Berapa orang pelajar ada di dalam kelas anda ketika itu? |
| How much + tidak boleh dibilang | How much money was there in the wallet? | Berapa banyak wang ada di dalam dompet itu? |
| How much + tidak boleh dibilang | How much time was there before the flight? | Berapa banyak masa ada sebelum penerbangan itu? |
- How many people were there at the concert last night? (Berapa orang ada di konsert malam tadi?)
- How many rooms were there in the old house? (Berapa buah bilik ada di rumah lama itu?)
- How much water was there in the pool? (Berapa banyak air ada di dalam kolam itu ketika itu?)
- How much snow was there yesterday morning? (Berapa banyak salji ada pagi semalam?)
Perkara penting
- 1Ayat negatif There was / were dibina dengan meletakkan not selepas kata kerja be, manakala ayat tanya dibina dengan mengalihkan kata kerja be ke hadapan there, dan peraturan ini sama sekali serupa dengan bentuk kini.
- 2Dalam perbualan, kontraksi wasn't / weren't jauh lebih wajar, dan kontraksi dalam jawapan (No, there wasn't) turut kerap digunakan, jadi ketahuilah hal ini.
- 3Dalam ayat negatif, wajar jika kata nama berikut digunakan bersama any, jadi hafallah kelaziman ini. (Contoh: There wasn't any milk.)
- 4Untuk menanyakan kuantiti, patuhilah susunan kata How many + jamak + were there / How much + kata nama yang tidak boleh dibilang + was there, jadi hafallah peraturan ini.
- 5Dalam jawapan, there mesti dimasukkan semula dan sama sekali tidak boleh digugurkan, jadi patuhilah peraturan ini. (X: Yes, was. / O: Yes, there was.)