進階 · Unit 42

比較 — 比較級 than

比較級是把形容詞或副詞的原級變成 -er 或 more + 原級的形式,後面再加上 than,用來表示兩個對象中有一方更…。形態變化分成規則(短的單字用 -er / 長的單字用 more)和不規則(better·worse·more·less 等)兩種。

概念說明

比較級是把形容詞或副詞的原級變成 -er 或 more + 原級的形式,後面再加上 than,用來表示兩個對象中有一方更…。形態變化分成規則(短的單字用 -er / 長的單字用 more)和不規則(better·worse·more·less 等)兩種。

 

A.  規則比較級的變化方式 — 依音節數用 -er / more 

形容詞或副詞是一個音節就用 -er,三個音節以上就用 more,兩個音節則依字尾而分。以子音+y 結尾就把 y 改成 i 再加 -er,短母音+短子音就重複子音再加 -er。

類型規則原級 → 比較級
一個音節+ -ertall → taller
以 -e 結尾+ -rnice → nicer
短母音+短子音重複子音 + -erbig → bigger / hot → hotter
子音+yy → i + -erhappy → happier / busy → busier
三個音節以上more + 原級expensive → more expensive
-ly 副詞more + 原級quickly → more quickly
  • The room is bigger than I expected. (房間比我預期的還要大。)
  • Anna looks happier than last month. (Anna 看起來比上個月更開心。)
  • This project is more difficult than the last one. (這個專案比上一個難。)
  • Kevin drives more carefully than his brother. (Kevin 開車比他哥哥小心。)

 

B.  不規則比較級 — good / bad / many / little / far 

有一些常用的形容詞和副詞不遵守 -er 或 more,而有各自的不規則比較級形式。good/well → better, bad → worse, many/much → more, little → less, far → farther/further 要整組記起來。

原級比較級意思
good / wellbetter更好的 / 更好地
bad / badlyworse更差的 / 更差地
many / muchmore更多的
littleless更少的
farfarther / further更遠的 / 更進一步的
  • Anna's cooking is better than mine. (Anna 的廚藝比我好。)
  • Kevin's cold got worse overnight. (Kevin 的感冒一夜之間變嚴重了。)
  • I have more work than usual this week. (這個星期我的工作比平常多。)
  • Our house is farther from the station than yours. (我們家比你家離車站更遠。)

 

C.  比較級 + than 結構 — 對象的格與會話慣用法 

比較級後面的 than 之後接的是比較對象,正式語體用主格(I, he, she)再加 be 動詞或助動詞,會話則只用受格(me, him, her)。意思一樣,但用哪一種決定了文體。公式是 比較級 + than = 比~更…

文體形式例句
正式語體than + 主格 + be/doHe is taller than I am.
會話than + 受格He is taller than me.
強調比較much / far / a lot + 比較級She is much taller than him.
小幅差距a little / slightly + 比較級I am a little older than her.
  • Anna is smarter than I am in every subject. (Anna 在每一個科目上都比我聰明。)
  • Kevin runs faster than me every morning. (Kevin 每天早上都跑得比我快。)
  • This laptop is much lighter than my old one. (這台筆記型電腦比我以前那台輕很多。)
  • The new office is a little farther than the previous one. (新辦公室比之前那個稍微遠一點。)

重點整理

  1. 1一個音節和大部分兩個音節的形容詞、副詞用 -er,三個音節以上和 -ly 副詞用 more + 原級。(例: taller / more expensive / more carefully)
  2. 2像 big → bigger, hot → hotter 這樣以短母音+短子音結尾就重複子音再加 -er,像 happy → happier 這樣子音+y 就把 y 改成 i 再加 -er
  3. 3good/well → better, bad → worse, many/much → more, little → less, far → farther/further 是不規則比較級,要整組記起來。(例: My grade got better this semester.)
  4. 4than 後面的比較對象,正式語體用主格 + be 動詞(than I am),會話用受格(than me)比較自然,兩者意思相同。(例: He is taller than I am / than me)
  5. 5much·far·a lot 加在比較級前面強調差距很大,a little·slightly 則表示小幅的差距。(例: much taller than, a little older than)

例句

Kevin is taller than his older brother.
Kevin 比他哥哥高。
Today is colder than yesterday morning.
今天比昨天早上冷。
This coffee is hotter than the tea.
這杯咖啡比紅茶燙。
Anna looks happier than she did last week.
Anna 看起來比上星期更開心。
The exam was easier than I expected.
那場考試比我預期的簡單。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。

容易犯的錯誤

Kevin is more taller than his brother.
Kevin is taller than his brother.
This is more good than that.
This is better than that.
The exam was difficulter than last time.
The exam was more difficult than last time.
She is very taller than me.
She is much taller than me.
Anna sings gooder than I.
Anna sings better than I do.
確認你是否真的理解這個概念
讀懂和做對是兩回事。答錯時,AI 會告訴你卡在哪個概念。
免費開始練習