入門 · Unit 19
many / much / a lot of
many 用在可數名詞(複數)前面，much 用在不可數名詞前面，都是「很多」的意思，而 a lot of / lots of 是兩種名詞都能用的萬能說法。會話中用 a lot of，否定句·疑問句中用 much · many 更自然。
概念說明
many 用在可數名詞(複數)前面，much 用在不可數名詞前面，都是「很多」的意思，而 a lot of / lots of 是兩種名詞都能用的萬能說法。會話中用 a lot of，否定句·疑問句中用 much · many 更自然。
A. many — 搭配可數複數名詞
many 用在可數名詞的複數形前面，表示「很多」，說明可數對象的數量很多。在正式的文章或否定句·疑問句中特別常用。
| 語序 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| many + 複數 | many books | 很多書 |
| many + 複數 | many people | 很多人 |
| many + 複數 | many cars | 很多車 |
| many + 複數 | many questions | 很多問題 |
- Many students study English. (很多學生在學英文。)
- I have many things to do today. (我今天有很多事情要做。)
- There aren't many people here. (這裡人不多。)
- Do you have many friends in Seoul? (你在首爾有很多朋友嗎？)
B. much — 搭配不可數名詞
much 用在不可數名詞(water, money, time, information 等)前面，表示「很多」。肯定句用 much 不自然，改用 a lot of 才自然 這一點請記起來。
| 語序 | 例子 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| much + 不可數 | much water | 很多水 |
| much + 不可數 | much money | 很多錢 |
| much + 不可數 | much time | 很多時間 |
| much + 不可數 | much information | 很多資訊 |
- We don't have much time. (我們的時間不多。)
- He doesn't drink much water. (他水喝得不多。)
- Do you have much homework tonight? (你今天晚上功課很多嗎？)
- Is there much sugar in this? (這裡面放了很多糖嗎？)
C. a lot of / lots of — 兩種都能用的萬能說法
a lot of 和 lots of 放在可數名詞·不可數名詞前面都可以，都表示「很多」，是萬能的說法，尤其在肯定句的會話中最常出現。這兩個說法的意思完全相同。
| 說法 | 後面的名詞 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| a lot of | 複數 | I have a lot of friends. |
| a lot of | 不可數 | I drink a lot of water. |
| lots of | 複數 | She has lots of books. |
| lots of | 不可數 | We have lots of time. |
- We have a lot of things to talk about. (我們有很多事情要聊。)
- She spends a lot of money on clothes. (她在衣服上花很多錢。)
- There are lots of people at the park today. (今天公園裡有很多人。)
- He has lots of energy for his age. (以他的年紀來說，他精力非常充沛。)
重點整理
- 1可數名詞 → many，不可數名詞 → much，兩者皆可 → a lot of / lots of，請把這三種組合當成一套記起來。
- 2much 用在肯定句不自然，主要用於否定句·疑問句，這是實際會話中很重要的規則。(例: I don't have much time.)
- 3a lot of 和 lots of 意思完全相同，而且在會話中最常使用，知道這一點說起來就會很自然。
- 4用 How many + 複數名詞、How much + 不可數名詞來詢問數量，請把這個延伸規則學起來。(例: How many books? / How much water?)
- 5too many / too much 帶有「太多了」這種負面語感，也請一起記起來。
例句
She has many close friends.
她有很多要好的朋友。
Many students take this class.
很多學生選這門課。
I don't have many questions.
我沒有很多問題。
Are there many cafes in this area?
這一帶有很多咖啡廳嗎？
We don't have much time left.
我們剩下的時間不多了。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
She has many friends.
I drink a lot of coffee.
We have a lot of time today.
How many people are here?
He doesn't have much money.