入門 · Unit 23
介系詞 (場所)
場所介系詞是表示人或事物位置的簡短單字，in / on / at 這三個是基本，under, next to, in front of, behind, between, among 等則表達更細微的位置。介系詞後面一定要接名詞或代名詞。
概念說明
場所介系詞是表示人或事物位置的簡短單字，in / on / at 這三個是基本，under, next to, in front of, behind, between, among 等則表達更細微的位置。介系詞後面一定要接名詞或代名詞。
A. in / on / at — 場所的三大軸
in 表示空間之內，on 表示接觸在表面上，at 表示特定的一個點。in(裡面) / on(上面、接觸) / at(地點) 先掌握這三個軸，其他介系詞就容易理解了。
| 介系詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| in | 在~裡面 | in the box, in Seoul, in the room |
| on | 在~上面 (接觸) | on the table, on the wall, on the bus |
| at | 在~ (地點) | at the door, at school, at the bus stop |
- Anna is in her bedroom. (Anna 在自己的臥室裡。)
- The keys are on the counter. (鑰匙在流理臺上。)
- We are at the airport now. (我們現在在機場。)
- She lives in Busan. (她住在釜山。)
B. 上下前後 — under / over / in front of / behind
over / under 表示上、下，in front of / behind 表示前、後，都是代表性的介系詞，各自成對記成反義詞會比較方便。
| 介系詞 | 意思 | 反義詞 |
|---|---|---|
| over | 在~上方 (沒有接觸) | under |
| under | 在~下面 | over |
| in front of | 在~前面 | behind |
| behind | 在~後面 | in front of |
- A lamp hangs over the table. (桌子上方掛著一盞燈。)
- The cat sleeps under the bed. (貓在床底下睡覺。)
- A tall man stood in front of me. (一個高個子的男人站在我前面。)
- The garden is behind the house. (花園在房子後面。)
C. 旁邊與之間 — next to / beside / between / among
next to 和 beside 表示「就在旁邊」，between 表示「兩者之間」，among 表示「三者以上之間」。between 和 among 的區別是這一組的重點。
| 介系詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| next to | 就在旁邊 | The bank is next to the post office. |
| beside | 在~旁邊 | Sit beside me. |
| between | 兩者之間 | The park is between the school and the library. |
| among | 三者以上之間 | She is popular among her friends. |
- Please sit next to me. (請坐在我旁邊。)
- She was standing beside her sister. (她站在她姊姊旁邊。)
- My office is between the bakery and the pharmacy. (我的辦公室在麵包店和藥局之間。)
- He was the only Korean among the visitors. (他是訪客中唯一的韓國人。)
重點整理
- 1先掌握場所三大基本介系詞 in(裡面) / on(表面接觸) / at(地點)的概念差異是關鍵。
- 2on 一定表示貼在表面上，所以 on the wall(在牆上)、on the ceiling(在天花板上)也可以用，請培養這種延伸語感。
- 3under 的反義詞是 over，in front of 的反義詞是 behind，成對記憶會好記得多。
- 4between 用在正好兩個對象之間，among 用在三個以上之間，這個區別是本單元最容易混淆的地方。
- 5介系詞後面一定要接名詞或代名詞，不能接動詞或句子，請遵守這個基本規則。
例句
The keys are on the table.
鑰匙在桌子上。
There is a cat in the box.
箱子裡有一隻貓。
We meet at the park every Sunday.
我們每個星期天在公園見面。
My phone is in my bag.
我的手機在包包裡。
The picture is on the wall.
那幅畫掛在牆上。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
The book is on the desk.
She lives in Seoul.
The park is among the school, the library, and the market.
There is a lamp behind the sofa.
My phone is in my bag.