基礎 · Unit 14
be going to
be going to 是 be 動詞(am / is / are) + going to + 原形動詞的形態，表示心裡已經定好的計畫或預定，也表示根據眼前的跡象即將發生的事。如果說 will 是臨時的決定，那麼 be going to 就比較接近事先準備好的未來。
概念說明
be going to 是 be 動詞(am / is / are) + going to + 原形動詞的形態，表示心裡已經定好的計畫或預定，也表示根據眼前的跡象即將發生的事。如果說 will 是臨時的決定，那麼 be going to 就比較接近事先準備好的未來。
A. 形態 — be 動詞 + going to + 原形動詞
be going to 是先寫出配合主詞的 be 動詞(am / is / are)，接著是 going to，最後才放原形動詞的結構。公式統一成be 動詞 + going to + 原形動詞 這一個。
| 主詞 | be 動詞 + going to + 原形動詞 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I | am going to | I am going to leave. |
| you | are going to | You are going to love this. |
| he / she / it | is going to | She is going to call. |
| we | are going to | We are going to travel. |
| they | are going to | They are going to help. |
- I am going to buy a new phone. (我要買一支新手機。)
- He is going to study abroad next year. (他明年打算出國留學。)
- We are going to watch a movie tonight. (我們今天晚上要看電影。)
B. 用法 — 已規劃的未來和有根據的預測
be going to 用在已經決定好的計畫或預定上，也用在根據眼前的根據和徵兆預測即將發生的事。和 will 那種個人的判斷或想法不同，它在有看得見的證據時才自然。
| 用途 | 特徵 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 已規劃的未來 | 事先定好的預定 | I am going to visit Anna tomorrow. |
| 決心、決定 | 心裡已經決定好 | I am going to quit smoking. |
| 有根據的預測 | 眼前看得見的證據 | Look! The vase is going to fall. |
| 近期的預定 | 即將發生的事 | The train is going to leave soon. |
- We are going to get married in June. (我們預定在六月結婚。)
- I am going to learn to drive this year. (我今年要學開車。)
- The sky is dark. It is going to snow. (天色很暗。看樣子要下雪了。)
- Watch out! You are going to hit your head. (小心！你的頭要撞到了。)
C. 和 will 的差異 — 臨時決定 vs 已規劃好的計畫
同樣是講未來，will 用在說話當下臨時決定的事情上，be going to 則用在本來就有的計畫或有看得見的根據的事情上。這個語感差異在會話中經常被區分開來。
| 情況 | 自然的說法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 剛剛決定 | will | The phone is ringing. I will get it. |
| 早就計畫好 | be going to | I am going to meet Kevin at 6. |
| 個人的預測、想法 | will | I think Anna will like it. |
| 看得見的根據 | be going to | Look at those clouds. It is going to rain. |
- A: We need eggs. B: Oh, I will buy some. (A: 我們需要雞蛋。B: 喔，我去買一些。)
- I am going to buy eggs on my way home. (我回家的路上會去買雞蛋。)
- I think it will be a good year. (我覺得這會是很好的一年。)
- Look, the bus is going to leave without us! (你看，公車要丟下我們開走了！)
重點整理
- 1be going to 是「be 動詞 + going to + 原形動詞」的形態，只有 be 動詞會依主詞變成 am / is / are，請記住這一點。(例: She is going to call.)
- 2心裡已經定好的計畫或決心用 be going to，說話當下臨時決定的事用 will，這個語感差異在實戰中最重要。
- 3用眼前的根據預測即將發生的事時(烏雲、傾斜的花瓶等)，be going to 自然得多，請掌握這種運用語感。(例: It is going to rain.)
- 4going to 後面一定要接原形動詞，就算是第三人稱單數也不加 -s，請遵守這條規則。(例: She is going to buy — She is going to buys 是錯的)
- 5在會話中 going to 有時會唸成 gonna，但書寫時一定要寫 going to，請記住這一點。
例句
I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.
我這個週末要去看祖父母。
She is going to start a new job next month.
她下個月要開始一份新工作。
We are going to travel to Japan in July.
我們七月要去日本旅行。
He is going to buy a new car this year.
他今年要買一輛新車。
They are going to move to a bigger apartment.
他們要搬到比較大的公寓。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
I am going to visit my friend.
She is going to buy a car.
We are going to travel.
He is going to start a new job.
It is going to rain soon.