基礎 · Unit 32
附加問句 (助動詞、命令句、建議句)
附加問句是在直述句後面加上一個短問句，用來徵求對方同意或確認的說法，前面的句子是肯定，附加問句就用否定，前面的句子是否定，附加問句就用肯定，正負剛好相反。
概念說明
附加問句是在直述句後面加上一個短問句，用來徵求對方同意或確認的說法，前面的句子是肯定，附加問句就用否定，前面的句子是否定，附加問句就用肯定，正負剛好相反。
A. 助動詞的附加問句 — can / will / should / must ...
有助動詞的句子，附加問句就把那個助動詞原封不動拿過來，後面再配上代名詞主詞。肯定句後面用否定的縮寫，否定句後面用肯定的形態。
| 前面的句子 | 附加問句 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定 + can | can't + 代名詞 | You can drive, can't you? |
| 否定 + can | can + 代名詞 | He can't swim, can he? |
| 肯定 + will | won't + 代名詞 | She will come, won't she? |
| 否定 + will | will + 代名詞 | They won't mind, will they? |
| 肯定 + should | shouldn't + 代名詞 | We should leave, shouldn't we? |
- You can speak French, can't you? (你會說法文吧，對不對？)
- He won't be angry, will he? (他應該不會生氣吧？)
- Anna should apologize, shouldn't she? (安娜應該道歉吧，對吧？)
- We must hurry, mustn't we? (我們得快一點吧，對吧？)
B. 命令句的附加問句 — ~, will you? / won't you?
命令句後面基本上用 will you?，肯定或否定的命令句都可以接，用來讓請求變得委婉，或是徵求對方的同意。就整理成命令句 + will you? 這個形態，更客氣的邀請則用 won't you?。
| 前面的句子 | 附加問句 | 語感 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 肯定命令句 | will you? | 請求、確認 | Close the door, will you? |
| 肯定命令句 | won't you? | 客氣的邀請 | Have some tea, won't you? |
| 否定命令句 | will you? | 委婉的禁止 | Don't be late, will you? |
| 肯定命令句 | would you? | 客氣的請求 | Pass me the salt, would you? |
- Turn off the light, will you? (可以幫我把燈關掉嗎？)
- Help me carry this box, will you? (可以幫我搬這個箱子嗎？)
- Have a seat, won't you? (請坐好嗎？)
- Don't forget your keys, will you? (別忘了鑰匙，好嗎？)
C. Let's 建議句的附加問句 — ~, shall we?
以 Let's 開頭的建議句，後面一律加上 shall we?，讓句子變成一併詢問對方意願的形式。Let's ~, shall we? 是不管前面的句子是肯定還是 Let's not，附加問句都維持不變的特別搭配。
| 前面的句子 | 附加問句 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| Let's + 原形動詞 | shall we? | Let's take a break, shall we? |
| Let's not + 原形動詞 | shall we? | Let's not argue, shall we? |
| Let's have ... | shall we? | Let's have dinner now, shall we? |
| Let's go ... | shall we? | Let's go home, shall we? |
- Let's watch a movie tonight, shall we? (今天晚上看電影好嗎？)
- Let's meet at seven, shall we? (七點見面好嗎？)
- Let's not wait any longer, shall we? (別再等下去了好嗎？)
- Let's order some pizza, shall we? (叫披薩好嗎？)
重點整理
- 1助動詞的附加問句，基本上是把前面句子的助動詞原封不動拿過來，只把肯定和否定顛倒過來。(例: You can, can't you? / She won't, will she?)
- 2命令句後面不管是肯定還是否定，加上 will you? 就會變成委婉的請求或確認語感。(例: Close the door, will you?)
- 3Let's 建議句的附加問句永遠是 shall we?，就算前面是 Let's not 也一樣是 shall we?。(例: Let's not wait, shall we?)
- 4在肯定命令句加上 won't you?，會比 will you? 給人更客氣、更溫暖的邀請感覺。(例: Have some tea, won't you?)
- 5附加問句裡的主詞一定要用代名詞(he, she, we, they 等)來承接，不能直接重複人名或名詞。(例: Anna should go, shouldn't she?)
例句
You can drive, can't you?
你會開車吧，對不對？
He won't be late, will he?
他應該不會遲到吧，對吧？
We should call her, shouldn't we?
我們應該打電話給她吧，對吧？
She can't swim, can she?
她不會游泳吧，對吧？
You must finish this today, mustn't you?
你今天一定要把這個做完吧，對不對？
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
You can swim, can't you?
Let's go, shall we?
Close the door, will you?
Anna should apologize, shouldn't she?
Let's not be late, shall we?