進階 · Unit 81
助動詞 (would / used to)
would 和 used to 都表示「過去反覆做過的事」，不過 would 只能用在重複動作，used to 則是重複動作和過去狀態都可以用。形態相似的 be used to + -ing(習慣於)意思完全不同。
概念說明
would 和 used to 都表示「過去反覆做過的事」，不過 would 只能用在重複動作，used to 則是重複動作和過去狀態都可以用。形態相似的 be used to + -ing(習慣於~)意思完全不同。
A. would — 過去的重複動作
would 用來回想過去規律重複的動作，後面一定要接原形動詞。句子裡通常會一起出現 when I was young / every summer / on weekends 這類過去時間點的說法，而且不和狀態動詞(be, live, have, know)一起用。
| 情況 | 能否用 would | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 重複動作 | 可以 | We would go fishing every Sunday. |
| 重複動作 | 可以 | She would sing before bed. |
| 過去狀態 (be) | 不可 | (X) He would be a teacher → used to be |
| 過去狀態 (live) | 不可 | (X) I would live in Seoul → used to live |
- Every summer, we would visit our grandparents. (每年夏天我們都會去探望祖父母。)
- When I was young, my father would read me stories. (我小時候，爸爸總會念故事給我聽。)
- On rainy days, they would stay inside and play games. (下雨天他們總會待在室內玩遊戲。)
B. used to — 過去的重複動作與狀態 (現在已經不是了)
used to + 原形動詞可以同時表示過去的重複動作和過去狀態，並帶有「以前是這樣，但現在不是了」的對比。它也能和狀態動詞(be, live, have)一起用，用法比較廣。used to + 原形動詞 = 過去的習慣與狀態 (現在已經不是了)。否定句和疑問句寫成 didn't use to / Did you use to?，use 的 d 會不見。
| 形式 | 例句 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定 | I used to smoke | 以前有抽菸 |
| 否定 | I didn't use to smoke | 以前不抽菸 |
| 疑問 | Did you use to smoke? | 你以前抽菸嗎？ |
| 狀態動詞 | She used to be shy | 她以前很害羞 |
- I used to play the piano when I was young. (我小時候常彈鋼琴。)
- He used to live in London. (他以前住在倫敦。)
- She didn't use to like coffee. (她以前不喜歡咖啡。)
- Did you use to work here? (你以前在這裡工作嗎？)
C. be used to + -ing — 習慣於~
be used to 後面接動名詞(-ing)或名詞時，意思就完全不同了，變成「習慣於~」。be used to + -ing / 名詞 = 習慣於~。要強調逐漸習慣的過程時，就用 get used to + -ing。
| 區分 | 形式 | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| used to | used to + 原形動詞 | 以前~ (現在已經不是了) |
| be used to | be used to + -ing / 名詞 | 習慣於~ |
| get used to | get used to + -ing / 名詞 | 漸漸習慣~ |
- I am used to driving in heavy traffic. (我習慣在嚴重的塞車中開車。)
- She isn't used to the cold weather. (她不習慣寒冷的天氣。)
- He got used to living alone. (他習慣了一個人生活。)
- I used to live in New York, so I am used to big cities. (我以前住在紐約，所以習慣大城市。)
重點整理
- 1would 只能用在過去的重複動作，不能和狀態動詞(be, live, have, know)一起用。(X: I would live in Seoul / O: I used to live in Seoul)
- 2used to 同時表示過去的重複動作和過去狀態，並含有「現在不是了」的對比。(例: I used to smoke, but I don't now.)
- 3used to 的否定和疑問是 didn't use to / Did you use to?，use 的 d 會不見。因為 did 已經是過去式，use 就回到原形。
- 4be used to + -ing 表示「習慣於~」這個狀態，和 used to + 原形動詞的意思完全不同。(例: I am used to working late.)
- 5要強調逐漸習慣的過程時，就用 get used to + -ing。(例: I got used to living alone.)
例句
When I was a child, I would play in the park every day.
我小時候每天都會去公園玩。
Every summer, we would visit our grandparents.
每年夏天我們都會去探望祖父母。
My father would read me stories before bed.
爸爸睡前總會念故事給我聽。
On weekends, they would go fishing together.
一到週末，他們總會一起去釣魚。
I used to live in Busan.
我以前住在釜山。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
I used to live in Seoul when I was young.
I didn't use to smoke.
I am used to working late.
She used to have long hair.
He is used to living alone.