基礎 · Unit 35
助動詞 (should / had better)
should 表示「最好」這種溫和的忠告和勸告，had better('d better)則表示「還是比較好，不然會有不好的結果」這種強烈得多、帶警告意味的勸告。兩者後面都一定接原形動詞。
概念說明
should 表示「最好~」這種溫和的忠告和勸告，had better('d better)則表示「還是~比較好，不然會有不好的結果」這種強烈得多、帶警告意味的勸告。兩者後面都一定接原形動詞。
A. should — 忠告、勸告、意見
should 是助動詞，不管主詞是誰形式都不變，後面一定接原形動詞。它廣泛用在「最好~」這種溫和的忠告、表達意見、預期等場合。
| 用途 | 意思 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| 忠告、勸告 | 最好~ | You should drink more water. |
| 意見、提議 | 要不要~呢 | We should try that restaurant. |
| 預期、預測 | 應該會~ | She should be here soon. |
| 義務 (較弱) | 應該要~ | You should respect your parents. |
- You should get more sleep. (你最好多睡一點。)
- We should leave now to catch the train. (要趕上火車的話，我們最好現在出發。)
- Anna should arrive within an hour. (安娜應該一小時內就會到。)
- Kids should brush their teeth twice a day. (小孩子一天應該刷兩次牙。)
B. had better ('d better) — 強烈的勸告、警告
had better 更常用縮寫的 'd better，是帶有「不然會有不好的結果」這種警告語感的強烈勸告。形式看起來像過去式，意思卻是對現在和不久的未來提出的建議。
| 形式 | 縮寫 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| I had better | I'd better | I'd better hurry. |
| you had better | you'd better | You'd better call her. |
| he / she had better | he'd / she'd better | She'd better leave now. |
| we / they had better | we'd / they'd better | We'd better go home. |
- You'd better see a doctor about that cough. (你那個咳嗽，還是去看醫生比較好。)
- We'd better hurry, or we'll miss the bus. (我們最好快一點，不然會錯過公車。)
- He'd better apologize soon. (他還是快點道歉比較好。)
- I'd better check the schedule again. (我最好再確認一次行程。)
C. 否定形式 — should not vs had better not
should 的否定是 should not(shouldn't)，和一般助動詞一樣，但 had better 的否定是 had better not，not 直接放在 better 後面，語序很特別。had better not 請整組背起來 — 不會用 hadn't better。
| 原本形式 | 否定形式 | 例子 |
|---|---|---|
| should | should not / shouldn't | You shouldn't eat so late. |
| had better | had better not ('d better not) | You 'd better not be late. |
- You shouldn't drink coffee before bed. (睡前最好不要喝咖啡。)
- We shouldn't judge people by their looks. (我們不該以貌取人。)
- You'd better not tell anyone about this. (這件事你最好不要告訴任何人。)
- She'd better not forget her passport. (她最好別忘了護照。)
重點整理
- 1should 和 had better 都是助動詞，不管主詞是誰形式都不變，後面一定接原形動詞。(例: She should go, You 'd better hurry)
- 2should 是溫和的忠告和勸告，had better 是帶有「不然會不好」警告意味的強烈勸告，強度不同。(例: You should see a doctor. / You 'd better see a doctor.)
- 3had better 的否定形式不是 hadn't better，而是 had better not，not 直接放在 better 後面。(例: You 'd better not tell him.)
- 4had better 形式看起來像過去式，實際意思卻是對現在和不久的未來提出的建議，had 不是時態標記，而是慣用語的一部分。(例: I'd better = 現在最好~)
- 5會話中 had better 幾乎一定會縮寫成 'd better。(例: You'd better, We'd better, She'd better)
例句
You should drink more water every day.
你每天最好多喝點水。
We should leave now to avoid traffic.
為了避開塞車，我們最好現在出發。
She should see a doctor about that cough.
她那個咳嗽最好去看醫生。
You should try the new Italian restaurant.
你應該試試那家新的義大利餐廳。
Anna should arrive at the station soon.
安娜應該很快就會到車站。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
She should go home.
You should see a doctor.
You'd better not be late.
We had better hurry.
He'd better not forget.