進階 · Unit 66
關係詞 — that 的判別
that 有指示代名詞、指示形容詞、名詞子句連接詞、關係代名詞、強調句型 It is that 這五種用法，所以要同時看它的位置和後面的成分才能判斷。
概念說明
that 有指示代名詞、指示形容詞、名詞子句連接詞、關係代名詞、強調句型 It is ~ that ~ 這五種用法，所以要同時看它的位置和後面的成分才能判斷。
A. 指示代名詞、指示形容詞的 that — 「那個 / 那個 ~」
指示代名詞 that 是「那個、那個人」的意思，可以單獨佔據名詞的位置；指示形容詞 that 則放在名詞前面，用「那個 ~」的意思指出某個名詞。發音時會加上重音是它的特徵。
| 用法 | 位置 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 指示代名詞 | 名詞的位置 (主詞、受詞) | That is mine. |
| 指示形容詞 | 名詞前面 | I like that book. |
- That is a great idea. (那真是個很好的主意。)
- I want that one, please. (請給我那個。)
- That man is my uncle. (那位男士是我叔叔。)
- I don't remember that day. (我不記得那一天了。)
B. 名詞子句連接詞 that vs 關係代名詞 that
名詞子句連接詞 that 後面接的是完整的子句，關係代名詞 that 後面接的則是少了主詞或受詞的不完整子句。連接詞 that 本身不必翻譯出來，關係代名詞 that 則要解讀成「~的(先行詞)」。
| 用法 | 後面接的子句 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 名詞子句連接詞 that | 完整的子句 (主詞+動詞+受詞) | I think that she is right. |
| 關係代名詞 that (主格) | 少了主詞的子句 | the book that is on the desk |
| 關係代名詞 that (受格) | 少了受詞的子句 | the book that I read |
- I believe that he is honest. (我相信他是誠實的。)
- She said that she was tired. (她說她很累。)
- This is the movie that won the prize. (這就是那部得獎的電影。)
- The book that I bought is interesting. (我買的那本書很有趣。)
C. 強調句型 It is ~ that ~ — 「~的就是…」
在 It is 後面放進要強調的語句，再把句子剩下的部分接在 that 後面，那個語句就會被強調成「就是這個」。請用 判別 that = 確認句中位置與後面的成分 這個方法，綜合區分五種用法。強調對象是人的時候，也可以把 that 換成 who。
| 強調對象 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 強調主詞 | It is Anna that met me. |
| 強調受詞 | It is this book that I bought. |
| 強調地點 | It was at the park that we met. |
| 強調時間 | It was yesterday that she called. |
- It is Kevin that broke the window. (打破窗戶的人就是凱文。)
- It was in 2020 that I moved to Seoul. (我搬到首爾的時間就是 2020 年。)
- It is coffee that I want, not tea. (我想要的不是茶，而是咖啡。)
- It was at the airport that I lost my wallet. (我掉了錢包的地方就是機場。)
重點整理
- 1that 後面接完整的子句就是名詞子句連接詞，接少了主詞或受詞的不完整子句就是關係代名詞，請這樣區分。(例: I think that she is right. / the book that I read)
- 2指示代名詞、指示形容詞的 that 解讀成「那、那個」，發音時會加上重音，但名詞子句連接詞、關係代名詞的 that 唸得很輕，這種聲音的語感也要一起掌握。
- 3在 It is ~ that ~ 強調句型裡，強調對象是人就可以把 that 換成 who，事物、時間、地點則只能用 that，這是實戰上的訣竅。(例: It is Anna that / who called me)
- 4關係代名詞 that 不能和逗號一起使用，請記住這條規則。(X: my father, that is a doctor / O: my father, who is a doctor)
- 5名詞子句連接詞 that 在會話中常常被省略，但關係代名詞 that 只有在受格時才能省略，主格不能省略，請記住這個差別。
例句
That is my book.
那是我的書。
I like that song.
我喜歡那首歌。
That man is my uncle.
那位男士是我叔叔。
I think that she is right.
我認為她是對的。
She said that she was tired.
她說她很累。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
I think that she is right.
The book that I read is good.
It is Anna that called me.
My father, who is a doctor, is kind.
The book that I read yesterday is fun.