Pengandaian - menghilangkan if
Kalau if pada kalimat pengandaian dihilangkan, were / had / should ditarik ke depan subjek sehingga susunannya dibalik.
Penjelasan
Kalau if pada kalimat pengandaian dihilangkan, were / had / should ditarik ke depan subjek sehingga susunannya dibalik. Susunan ini sering dipakai dalam ragam resmi dan ragam tulis, dan artinya sama dengan kalimat yang tetap memakai if.
A. Were + subjek — pembalikan pengandaian kala lampau
Pada pengandaian kala lampau dengan kata kerja be seperti If I were atau If he were, if dihapus lalu Were dipindahkan ke depan subjek. Rumusnya If I were = Were I. Sesudah dibalik pun kata kerja be-nya tetap were di awal kalimat.
| Kalimat dengan if | Kalimat terbalik |
|---|---|
| If I were you | Were I you |
| If he were rich | Were he rich |
| If it were possible | Were it possible |
| If they were here | Were they here |
- Were I in your position, I would apologize. (Seandainya saya ada di posisi Anda, saya pasti akan minta maaf.)
- Were she more careful, this wouldn't happen. (Seandainya dia sedikit lebih hati-hati, hal seperti ini pasti tidak terjadi.)
- Were it not so cold, we could go out. (Seandainya cuacanya tidak sedingin itu, kami pasti bisa keluar.)
B. Had + subjek + p.p. — pembalikan kala lampau sempurna
Pada pengandaian kala lampau sempurna seperti If I had known atau If she had studied, if dihapus lalu Had dipindahkan ke depan subjek. Rumusnya If I had p.p. = Had I p.p. dan induk kalimatnya diikuti would / could / might + have + partisip lampau.
| Kalimat dengan if | Kalimat terbalik |
|---|---|
| If I had known | Had I known |
| If she had studied | Had she studied |
| If they had arrived earlier | Had they arrived earlier |
| If it had not rained | Had it not rained |
- Had I known the truth, I would have told you. (Seandainya dulu saya tahu yang sebenarnya, saya pasti sudah memberi tahu Anda.)
- Had she taken the train, she would have arrived on time. (Seandainya dulu dia naik kereta itu, dia pasti sudah tiba tepat waktu.)
- Had we left earlier, we wouldn't have missed the flight. (Seandainya dulu kami berangkat lebih awal, kami pasti tidak akan ketinggalan pesawat.)
- Had it not been for the delay, we would have met him. (Seandainya dulu tidak ada keterlambatan itu, kami pasti sudah bertemu dengannya.)
C. Should + subjek — pembalikan peluang mendatang
Ketika peluang kecil di masa mendatang dinyatakan seperti If you should ~, yaitu 'kalau-kalau nanti begini', Should dipindahkan ke depan subjek. Susunan ini sering dipakai dalam pengumuman resmi dan surat bisnis, dan sesudahnya menyusul kalimat perintah, nasihat, atau kalimat dengan please.
| Kalimat dengan if | Kalimat terbalik | Arti |
|---|---|---|
| If you should need help | Should you need help | kalau-kalau Anda perlu bantuan |
| If you should have questions | Should you have questions | kalau-kalau Anda punya pertanyaan |
| If anything should happen | Should anything happen | kalau-kalau terjadi sesuatu |
- Should you need further information, please contact us. (Kalau Anda memerlukan keterangan lebih lanjut, silakan hubungi kami.)
- Should you change your mind, let me know. (Kalau-kalau Anda berubah pikiran, tolong beri tahu saya.)
- Should there be any problem, call this number. (Kalau-kalau ada masalah, telepon nomor ini.)
- Should he arrive late, we will start without him. (Kalau-kalau dia tiba terlambat, kami akan mulai tanpa dia.)
Poin penting
- 1Kalau if pada pengandaian dihilangkan, were / had / should dibalik ke depan subjek. (Contoh: If I were → Were I)
- 2Susunan terbalik ini terutama dipakai dalam ragam resmi dan ragam tulis, dan artinya sama dengan kalimat yang memakai if. Dalam percakapan, if tetap dipakai.
- 3Dalam kalimat negatif, kontraksi (wasn't / hadn't) tidak boleh dibalik; not diuraikan sesudah subjek. (X: Hadn't I known / O: Had I not known)
- 4Should + subjek menyatakan peluang kecil di masa mendatang, yaitu 'kalau-kalau begini', dan merupakan ungkapan ragam resmi yang sering dipakai dalam pengumuman dan surat bisnis. (Contoh: Should you need help)
- 5Yang mengalami pembalikan adalah kata kerja bantu(were / had / should), bukan kata kerja biasa. If I knew tidak dibalik dan tetap dipertahankan apa adanya.