Kalimat pasif - It ~ that + klausa
Untuk mengubah kata kerja yang berobjek klausa that — seperti say·think·believe·know·report — menjadi kalimat pasif ada dua cara.
Penjelasan
Untuk mengubah kata kerja yang berobjek klausa that — seperti say·think·believe·know·report — menjadi kalimat pasif ada dua cara. Yang satu adalah pola 'It is + partisip lampau + that ~' yang diawali subjek semu It, yang lain adalah pola 'S + be + partisip lampau + to + bentuk dasar' yang menarik subjek klausa that ke depan kalimat.
A. It is + partisip lampau + that ~ — subjek semu It
Karena kalimat menjadi berat kalau seluruh klausa that ditaruh di posisi subjek, pola ini menegakkan subjek semu It di depan lalu mengirim klausa that ke belakang. Kala di dalam klausa that tetap dipertahankan.
| Kalimat aktif | Kalimat pasif (pola It ~ that) |
|---|---|
| People say that he is honest. | It is said that he is honest. |
| Everyone believes that she is smart. | It is believed that she is smart. |
| They think that the plan will work. | It is thought that the plan will work. |
| Reporters reported that the mayor resigned. | It was reported that the mayor resigned. |
- It is said that Kevin is looking for a new job. (Kata orang, Kevin sedang mencari pekerjaan baru.)
- It is believed that Anna wrote this poem. (Anna diyakini menulis puisi ini.)
- It was reported that the company lost money last year. (Diberitakan bahwa perusahaan itu merugi tahun lalu.)
- It is expected that the meeting will finish by 5. (Rapat itu diperkirakan akan selesai sebelum pukul 5.)
B. S + be + partisip lampau + to ~ — subjek that ke depan
Kalau subjek klausa that ditarik ke paling depan kalimat lalu di belakangnya disambung be + partisip lampau + to + bentuk dasar, artinya tetap sama. Kalau kala klausa that sama dengan induk kalimatnya dipakai to + bentuk dasar, dan kalau lebih dahulu daripada induk kalimat dipakai to have + p.p. Rumusnya, It is said that S ~ = S is said to ~.
| Pola It ~ that | S + be + p.p. + to + bentuk dasar |
|---|---|
| It is said that he is rich. | He is said to be rich. |
| It is thought that she lives alone. | She is thought to live alone. |
| It is believed that Anna wrote it. | Anna is believed to have written it. |
| It was said that he had left early. | He was said to have left early. |
- Kevin is said to be very talented. (Kevin katanya sangat berbakat.)
- Anna is thought to live in Seoul now. (Anna dianggap sekarang tinggal di Seoul.)
- The suspect is believed to have escaped yesterday. (Tersangka itu diyakini sudah melarikan diri kemarin.)
- The company is expected to announce the results soon. (Perusahaan itu diperkirakan akan segera mengumumkan hasilnya.)
C. Utama — say / think / believe / know / report / expect / consider
Kata kerja pengetahuan dan penyampaian yang sering berobjek klausa that hampir semuanya bisa langsung dipakai pada kedua pola pasif ini. say·think·believe·know·report·expect·consider·assume adalah kata kerja utama yang sering muncul di berita dan tulisan resmi.
| Kata kerja | Bentuk It ~ that | Bentuk S is ~ to |
|---|---|---|
| say | It is said that ~ | S is said to ~ |
| think | It is thought that ~ | S is thought to ~ |
| believe | It is believed that ~ | S is believed to ~ |
| know | It is known that ~ | S is known to ~ |
| report | It is reported that ~ | S is reported to ~ |
| expect | It is expected that ~ | S is expected to ~ |
| consider | It is considered that ~ | S is considered to ~ |
- Kevin is known to have lived abroad for ten years. (Kevin diketahui pernah tinggal di luar negeri selama sepuluh tahun.)
- It is considered that regular exercise is essential. (Olahraga teratur dianggap mutlak perlu.)
- Anna is expected to win the award. (Anna diperkirakan akan menerima penghargaan itu.)
- It is reported that the meeting was postponed. (Diberitakan bahwa rapat itu ditunda.)
Poin penting
- 1Kata kerja yang berobjek klausa that seperti say·think·believe·know·report·expect·consider dapat dinyatakan dengan dua pola pasif, yaitu pola It ~ that dan pola S is ~ to. (Contoh: It is said that he is rich. = He is said to be rich.)
- 2Kala di dalam klausa that pada pola It ~ that tetap sama dengan kalimat aktif aslinya. (Contoh: They say he is honest. → It is said that he is honest.)
- 3Pada pola S is ~ to, kalau kala klausa that sama dengan induk kalimat dipakai to + bentuk dasar, dan kalau lebih dahulu daripada induk kalimat dipakai to have + p.p.. (Contoh: It is said that he was rich. → He is said to have been rich.)
- 4Kedua pola pasif ini sering dipakai di berita, tulisan resmi, dan presentasi sebagai ungkapan lazim untuk menyampaikan fakta tanpa menyebutkan sumbernya. (Contoh: The company is expected to announce the results soon.)
- 5It is thought / believed / considered memberi nuansa bahwa isi klausa that disampaikan sebagai pandangan umum, bukan sebagai penilaian pribadi.