進階 · Unit 22
分詞 — 表達情緒的分詞
表達情緒的分詞像 exciting / excited 一樣,-ing 形和 -ed 形會成對出現,-ing 形是「讓人產生某種情緒的」,-ed 形是「自己感受到那種情緒的」,意思就差在這裡。
概念說明
表達情緒的分詞像 exciting / excited 一樣,-ing 形和 -ed 形會成對出現,-ing 形是「讓人產生某種情緒的」,-ed 形是「自己感受到那種情緒的」,意思就差在這裡。
A. -ing 形 — 讓人產生情緒的
-ing 形分詞用在事物、狀況或經驗會讓對方產生某種情緒的時候,主要用來修飾事物或狀況。請把-ing = 讓人產生情緒 這個公式整個記起來。
| -ing 形態 | 意思 | 主要修飾對象 |
|---|---|---|
| exciting | 讓人興奮的 | 事物·狀況 |
| boring | 讓人覺得無聊的 | 事物·狀況 |
| interesting | 引起興趣的 | 事物·狀況 |
| tiring | 讓人疲累的 | 事物·狀況 |
| confusing | 讓人困惑的 | 事物·狀況 |
- The game was exciting. (那場比賽很刺激。)
- This book is really interesting. (這本書真的很有趣。)
- The long meeting was tiring. (冗長的會議讓人很累。)
- The instructions are confusing. (那份說明很令人困惑。)
B. -ed 形 — 自己感受到情緒的
-ed 形分詞用在人實際感受到那種情緒的時候,主詞通常是人。請用-ed = 自己感受到情緒 這個公式,和 -ing 形配成一組背起來。
| -ed 形態 | 意思 | 主要主詞 |
|---|---|---|
| excited | 感到興奮的 | 人 |
| bored | 覺得無聊的 | 人 |
| interested | 感興趣的 | 人 |
| tired | 覺得疲累的 | 人 |
| confused | 感到困惑的 | 人 |
- I am excited about the trip. (我很期待那趟旅行。)
- The children look bored. (孩子們看起來很無聊。)
- She is interested in art. (她對藝術有興趣。)
- We were tired after the hike. (我們爬完山之後很累。)
C. 常見配對整理 — 成對記起來
情緒分詞要把 -ing 和 -ed 配成一組來記,事物·狀況就選 -ing,人就選 -ed,養成這種語感實際使用時就不會混淆。
| -ing (讓人產生的) | -ed (自己感受的) | 意思 |
|---|---|---|
| exciting | excited | 讓人興奮的 / 感到興奮的 |
| boring | bored | 讓人覺得無聊的 / 覺得無聊的 |
| interesting | interested | 有趣的 / 感興趣的 |
| surprising | surprised | 令人驚訝的 / 感到驚訝的 |
| tiring | tired | 讓人疲累的 / 覺得疲累的 |
| confusing | confused | 讓人困惑的 / 感到困惑的 |
| satisfying | satisfied | 令人滿意的 / 感到滿意的 |
| disappointing | disappointed | 令人失望的 / 感到失望的 |
| shocking | shocked | 令人震驚的 / 感到震驚的 |
| amazing | amazed | 令人驚嘆的 / 感到驚嘆的 |
- The result was surprising, and everyone was surprised. (結果很令人驚訝,大家都很驚訝。)
- The concert was amazing; I was really amazed. (那場音樂會很棒,我真的很驚嘆。)
- The report was disappointing, so the team felt disappointed. (那份報告令人失望,所以團隊都很失望。)
- The workout was tiring; I'm still tired. (那次運動很累人,我到現在還很疲倦。)
重點整理
- 1-ing 形用來修飾引起情緒的事物·狀況,-ed 形則用來描述實際感受到那種情緒的人。(例: The movie is exciting, I am excited.)
- 2中文的「無聊·累·緊張」不管指的是事物還是人都用同一個詞,但英文會依照對象換成完全不同的分詞。(例: The class is boring. / I am bored.)
- 3在 look·seem·feel 這類感官動詞後面,只要主詞是人就用 -ed 形。(例: The children look bored, She seems tired.)
- 4interested in / excited about / surprised at·by / disappointed with 這些 -ed 形後面的介系詞搭配,最好成組背下來。(例: I am interested in music.)
- 5事物·狀況一定要用 -ing 形,像 The movie was bored 這樣用 -ed 形就會很不自然。(例: The movie is boring.)
例句
The action movie was really exciting.
那部動作片真的很刺激。
The kids were excited about the school trip.
孩子們對校外教學感到很興奮。
The lecture was so boring.
那堂課實在太無聊了。
I was bored during the long meeting.
開那場冗長的會議時我覺得很無聊。
The documentary was very interesting.
那部紀錄片非常有趣。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
The movie was so boring.
I am bored in this class.
The news was very surprising.
She is very interested in art.
We were excited about the trip.