進階 · Unit 52
比較 — 比較句型的進階
運用比較級的進階句型裡，有the + 比較級 the + 比較級，比較級 + and + 比較級，no more than / not so much A as B這類慣用說法。它們在會話和寫作中經常出現，所以整套記起來就能大幅擴充表達能力。
概念說明
運用比較級的進階句型裡，有the + 比較級 the + 比較級，比較級 + and + 比較級，no more ~ than / not so much A as B這類慣用說法。它們在會話和寫作中經常出現，所以整套記起來就能大幅擴充表達能力。
A. ^^ the + 比較級 , the + 比較級 — 越就越… ^^
把兩個比較級各用 the 帶出來，前後排列，就能表示「前面的程度越大，後面的程度也越大」這種比例關係。The + 比較級，the + 比較級 是這樣的對稱結構，每個 the 後面的比較級整塊都會移到句首，語序因此稍微改變，這是它的特徵。
| 句子 | 前半 | 後半 |
|---|---|---|
| The more you practice, the better you get. | The more you practice | the better you get |
| The higher we climb, the colder it becomes. | The higher we climb | the colder it becomes |
| The sooner, the better. | The sooner (省略) | the better (省略) |
| The harder he works, the more he earns. | The harder he works | the more he earns |
- The more I learn, the more I realize how little I know. (我學得越多，越發現自己懂得多麼少。)
- The busier she is, the happier she seems. (她越忙，看起來越開心。)
- The earlier you leave, the less traffic you'll face. (你越早出發，遇到的車潮就越少。)
- The sooner, the better. (越快越好。)
B. 比較級 + and + 比較級 — 越來越~
把同一個比較級用 and 連接起來重複，就會變成「越來越~」這種變化和進行的意思。用 more 造出來的比較級要寫成 more and more + 形容詞/副詞 的形態。
| 形態 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| -er 比較級重複 | hotter and hotter / bigger and bigger |
| more ~ 比較級重複 | more and more expensive / more and more difficult |
| less ~ 重複 | less and less interesting |
- The days are getting longer and longer. (白天變得越來越長了。)
- My English is getting better and better. (我的英語變得越來越好了。)
- The city is becoming more and more crowded. (那座城市變得越來越擁擠。)
- His stories are getting more and more interesting. (他的故事變得越來越有趣。)
C. 進階慣用說法 — no more ~ than / not so much A as B / know better than to
這三個說法都不是照字面解讀，而是帶有慣用語感的進階比較句型。no more A than B 是「就像 B 不是那樣，A 也不是」這種強烈的否定，not so much A as B 是「與其說是 A，不如說是 B」這種重新定義，know better than to V 則是「還不至於笨到去做~」這種判斷的說法。
| 說法 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| no more A than B | 就像 B 不是，A 也不是 | He is no more a genius than I am. |
| not so much A as B | 與其說是 A，不如說是 B | She is not so much strict as fair. |
| know better than to V | 還不至於笨到去做~ | You should know better than to trust him. |
- A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. (就像馬不是魚一樣，鯨魚也不是魚。)
- His success came not so much from talent as from hard work. (與其說他的成功來自天分，不如說來自努力。)
- She knows better than to argue with him when he's angry. (她還不至於笨到在他生氣的時候跟他吵架。)
- I know better than to click on suspicious links. (我還不至於笨到去點可疑的連結。)
重點整理
- 1the + 比較級，the + 比較級 是把前後兩個比較級對稱排列，用來表示比例關係。(例: The more you practice, the better you get.)
- 2比較級 + and + 比較級 表示「越來越~」這種進行中的變化，more 型的要寫成 more and more + 形容詞。(例: more and more expensive)
- 3no more A than B 是強烈的否定，not so much A as B 則是重新定義(與其說 A 不如說 B)的語感。(例: no more a fish than, not so much strict as fair)
- 4know better than to V 是「還不至於笨到去做~」的慣用說法，在會話中很常用。(例: I know better than to lie.)
- 5進階比較句型照字面解讀會很不自然，把慣用的意思整組背下來才自然。
例句
The older you get, the wiser you become.
你年紀越大，就變得越有智慧。
The more you practice, the better you get.
你練習得越多，就做得越好。
The higher we climb, the colder it becomes.
我們爬得越高，天氣就變得越冷。
The sooner, the better.
越快越好。
The busier she is, the happier she seems.
她越忙，看起來越開心。
這個單元還有更多例句。註冊後可以看完整內容並聆聽發音。
容易犯的錯誤
The more you practice, the better you get.
The weather is getting colder and colder.
The city is getting more and more crowded.
He is no more a doctor than I am.
You should know better than to lie to your parents.